Shōgō Kuniba (国場 将豪 Kuniba Shōgō, February 5, 1935 - July 14, 1992) aka Sōke Kuniba was a Japanese teacher of karate.[1][2][3]
His adoptive father (biological uncle) was Kōsei Kokuba (Kuniba), who began training him at five years old. Kuniba Sōke was taught by many masters of the day including:
When he was 24 years old, Shōgō Kuniba became the youngest karate system head (Sōke) in Japan, taking over the style his adoptive father (Kōsei Kokuba) as inherited from Motobu Chōki. He thus became the Sandai Soke of Ryukyu Karate Motobu-ha (Choki Motobu was Shodai Soke; Kosei Kokuba was Nidai Soke).
Sōke Kuniba is known for integrating the power of karate with the sensitivity of aikido and other traditional martial arts, in a style he called "Motobu-ha Shito-ryu." This style is structured to adopt concepts and techniques from other styles to form a modern system replete with traditional values, but with an open=minded philosophy. Shogo Kuniba was the Shodai Soke of Motobu-ha Shito-ryu Karate-do. It is sometimes referred to as Kuniba-ha Karate-do. A book titled A Primer of Kuniba-ha Karate-do: The Style of Shogo Kuniba was written and published in 1985 by Shihan James Herndon; it was republished in 2009.
Kuniba applied his knowledge of aikido, jujutsu, judo and other arts to the bunkai of karate kata. This made for very creative variations on techniques, which became his hallmark. He created a new style, Kuniba-ryū Goshindō (aka Goshin Budō Jujutsu), which literally means Kuniba Sōke's style of self defense. Kuniba-ryū Goshindō combines elements of karate, aikido and judo. There are also several other Goshindō/Goshin Budō/Goshinbudō systems which do not came from Kuniba, so it is most proper to always state the full name as "Kuniba-ryū Goshinbudō/Kuniba-ryū Goshindō" in order not to confuse Kuniba sensei's Goshinbudō/Goshindō with other Goshinbudō/Goshindō styles. (See: Goshinbudo, for examples of self-defense systems using the same name but not related to Sōke Kuniba's Goshinbudō).
In Japan, Shōgō Kuniba was treated as a Meijin (brilliant man).
When Kuniba Sōke died on July 14, 1992, the organizations he had led split over disagreement of leadership. Kunio Tatsuno became Sōke of Motobu-Ha Karate-dō and Kaicho of Seishinkai. In the U.S., Kuniba Sōke named William H. Price as second Sōke of both Kuniba-ryu Karate-Do and Kuniba-ryū Goshindō on March 16, 1992. Several American karateka under Kuniba Sōke followed his named U.S. successor. Chikubu-Kai was created on September 8, 1995, to continue his teachings. However, upon the death of Kunio Tatsuno, Kuniba-Kai was established in Japan by the Kuniba family in 1999. Many Shihan loyal to Kuniba have affiliated with Kuniba-Kai, headed by Kozo Kuniba and Kosuke Kuniba.
The style is called Kuniba-ryu Karate-Do in the U.S. and Motobu-Ha Shitō-ryū in Japan. Today, the Seishinkai (the Karate organization originally started by Kosei Kokuba) still exists to promote Shitō-ryū (however, the term "Motobu-Ha" is no longer claimed). A new International Seishinkai Karate-dō Union (ISKU) was formed by Kunio Tatsuno in 1999; in 2007, Sadatomu Harada formed the Seishinkai International Shitoryu Karate-dō Union (SISKU). Neither ISKU nor SISKU claim Motobu-Ha. Kuniba-Kai has exclusive rights to that style per the Japan Karate Federation (JKF).
A famous quote, by Soke Shōgō Kuniba, states, "Seven Times Down, Eight Times Up!".